What is the starting reference for EPA's definition of a hazardous substance?

The starting reference for the EPA's definition of a hazardous substance is found in Section 101(14) of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). This section outlines the criteria for what is considered a hazardous substance including those that are listed or designated under various environmental statutes. Understanding this definition is crucial because it forms the basis for many regulations and responses related to hazardous waste management and remediation efforts.

Section 101(14) includes substances subject to federal regulation under laws such as the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), thereby linking the definition to a broader regulatory framework. This is important for those involved in hazardous waste operations as it establishes which substances require specific handling, storage, and response protocols, reinforcing the need for training and compliance in hazardous waste operations.

The other choices, while related to environmental regulation, pertain to specific classifications and lists associated with hazardous materials, but they do not provide the foundational definition of hazardous substances as established by CERCLA.