In waste disposal, what does 'landfilling' primarily involve?

Landfilling primarily involves the process of burying waste in designated areas. This method is one of the most common ways to dispose of solid waste. During landfilling, waste is collected and transported to a specific site where it is deposited in a controlled manner. The landfills are designed with engineering controls and environmental protections to minimize the impact on surrounding areas.

The process typically includes several steps: the waste is layered, compacted to reduce volume, and then covered with soil or other materials to limit odors and control pests. Over time, the waste decomposes anaerobically, leading to the production of gases, which can be captured and utilized or flared off to reduce environmental impact.

In contrast to the other options, which describe different waste management practices like recycling, incineration, or composting, landfilling focuses specifically on the burial of waste as a primary method of disposal. Understanding how landfilling works is crucial for recognizing various waste management strategies and their implications for environmental health and safety.